老年人卫生服务利用情况及影响因素分析

ANALYSIS ON THE SITUATION OF HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS AMONG AGED PEOPLE

[目的]了解江西省60岁以上人群医疗服务利用情况及其影响因素,为卫生服务管理与决策提供依据。[方法]采用整群抽样,以家庭卫生服务调查表及问卷调查的方式对老年人的一般健康状况及卫生服务利用情况进行调查。[结果]老年人中两周就诊率7.01%,年住院率6.00%。城市老年患者主要选择县区级医院就诊,农村老年患者主要选择私人开业的医疗场所就诊,对社区卫生服务站的利用较低。人均住院费用占人均医疗总费用的79.49%。两周门诊就诊费用和住院费用都主要集中在县级医院和省级医院,占总各费用的81.01%和68.29%。[结论]医疗费用与经济收入成为影响老年人对卫生服务的合理利用的重要因素。完善医疗保障制度,积极开展社区卫生服务是解决老年人医疗保健问题的有效途径。

[Objective] To understand the present situation of health service utilization and its influencing factors among aged people in Jiangxi Province. and provide evidence for health service management and policy. [ Methods] By the method of cluster sampling, the family health service questionnaire was adopted to investigate the general heahh status and the situation of health service utilization among aged people. [ Results] Among the elderly, the two-week visiting rate was 7.01%, and the annual admission rate was 6.00%. The urban old patients mainly seeked the county hospital for medical care while the rural old patients mostly seeked private clinic for medical care, the utilization of community health service was relatively low. Per capita hospitalization expense accounted for 79.49% of the per capita total medical expenditure. Two-week outpatient expenditures and hospitalization expenses mainly accumulated in county hospitals and provincial hospitals, accounted for 81.01% and 68.29% respectively. [ Conclusions] Medical cost and economic income are important influencing factors of rational utilization of health service among old people. It is an effective way to solve medical care problems of old people to develop medical security system and actively carry on community health servce.