性别、性别角色对大学生性别观念的影响

Impacts of Sex,Gender Role on Undergraduates' Gender Belief

目的:探讨性别、性别角色类型对大学生性别观念的影响。方法:以北京市5所大学的552名大学生为调查对象,采用Bem性别角色量表和自编的性别观念量表进行问卷调查。结果:①以传统学业、职业性别观念、传统家庭性别观念和反传统性别观念为因变量进行2(性别)×4(性别角色类型)的多元方差分析,结果发现:性别主效应和性别角色类型主效应在传统学业、职业性别观念和家庭性别观念上显著(F=22.766,P=0.009;F=73.204,P=0.000;F=35.430,P=0.008;F=25.269,P=0.012)。交互作用在反传统性别观念上显著(F=3.185,P=0.024)。②经t检验表明,男性传统学业、职业、家庭性别观念高于女性。③经LSD检验发现,男性气质和未分化气质的大学生的传统学业、职业性别观念高于女性气质和双性化气质的大学生。男性气质的大学生的传统家庭性别观念高于女性气质、双性气质、未分化气质的大学生。结论:男性和男性气质的大学生具有较高的传统学业、职业、家庭性别观念。

Objective： To examine the difference of undergraduates＇ gender belief in sex and gender role stereotype. Methods： A sample of 552 undergraduates was tested by BSRI and gender belief stereotype scale. Results： （1）Traditional gender belief of academic, occupation and family has difference on sex and gender role stereotype. （2）Men college students have higher traditional gender belief of academic, occupation and family than women college students. （3）College students of masculinity and undifferentiation have higher traditional gender belief of academic and occupation than college students of androgynous and femininity. College students of masculinity have higher traditional gender belief of family than college students of femininity, androgynous and undifferentiation. Condusion： College students of men and masculinity have higher gender belief of academic, occupation and family.