河南省2004-2006年麻疹流行特征分析

Study on the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Henan province during 2004-2006

目的分析河南省2004-2006年麻疹流行病学特征,评价河南省麻疹监测专报系统监测质量。方法对河南省2004-2006年全国法定传染病报告系统及麻疹专报系统报告的麻疹病例进行描述流行病学分析。结果2004-2006年河南省麻疹监测专报系统敏感性低于全国法定传染病报告系统,2004年全国法定传染病报告系统报告麻疹发病率为2.54/10万,处于较低水平,但2005-2006年麻疹发病率明显上升,达到8/10万。河南省中部地区麻疹发病率在近几年一直保持在较高水平、发病季节主要在3-5月份、病例主要集中在小年龄组。<8月龄和8月龄至1岁的麻疹病例所占比例逐年增加、无免疫史和不详的病例占全部病例的77.13%。流动人口麻疹病例占总病例数的18.23%,主要集中在郑州市。结论河南省应采取措施加强麻疹疫苗(MV)的基础免疫和复种工作,尤其是提高第一剂次MV的及时接种率,整合麻疹监测专报系统和全国法定传染病报告系统的各自优势,提高麻疹监测系统的监测质量。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Henan province during 2004-2006 and to evaluate the quality of measles special report system（MSS） in order to provide evidence for strategies and measures development for measles prevention and control. Methods Data were collected from the National Notifiable Disease Report System （NNDRS） and MSS on epidemiological characteristics of measles in Henan province during 2004 2006. Results The sensitivity of MSS was lower than that of NNDRS in Henan province during 2004 - 2006. The incidence of measles appeared to be 2.54/100 000 in 2004 increased to 8/100 000 during 2005 - 2006. The incidence of measles was higher in the central part of the province during the recent years with cases concentrated in March to May every year. The percentage of cases from age groups 〈 8 months and 8 months to 1 year olds increased yearly. All the cases with no or unclear vaccination record took up 77.13 % , with 18.23 % of the measles cases fell into the floating population. Conclusion Improving the 2 doses and timely coverage rate of the first dose of measles vaccine strategy was essential for measles control and prevention, In order to improve the quality of measles surveillance program, the advantage of MSS and NNDRS should be integrated.