苦瓜中新葫芦烷型皂苷的研究

New cucuribitane saponin from Momordica charantia

目的研究苦瓜的化学成分。方法采用乙醇提取、大孔吸附树脂纯化和硅胶柱色谱分离,通过光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从苦瓜中分离并鉴定了2对异构体。经13C-NMR光谱分析,其中一对异构体的化学结构初步确定为19R-5β,19环氧葫芦烷-6,23,25-三烯-3β,19-二醇(Ⅰa)和19S-5β,19环氧葫芦烷-6,23,25-三烯-3β,19-二醇(Ⅰb);另一对异构体的化学结构确定为5β,19环氧葫芦烷-6,23,25-三烯-3-O-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱa)和5β,19环氧葫芦烷-6,23,25-三烯-3-O-阿洛吡喃糖苷(Ⅱb)。结论化合物Ⅰa、Ⅰb、Ⅱa、Ⅱb均为首次从苦瓜中分离得到的新化合物。

Objective To study the chemical constituents in Momordica charantia. Methods The al-cohol extract was isolated by macroporous adsorption resin and silica gel, and the compound structures were identified by spectral methods. Results Two couple isomers were isolated, the structure of one cou-ple was identified as 19R-5β, 19-epoxyeucurbita-6, 23, 25-trien-3β, 19-diol （ I a） and 19S-5β, 19-epoxy-cucurbita-6, 23, 25-trien-3β, 19-diol （ I b）; the structure of the other couple was identified as 3-O-glu- copyranoside of 5β, 19-epoxycucurbita-6, 23, 25-trien-3-ol （Ⅱ a）, and 3-O-allopyranoside of 5β, 19-e-poxycucurbita-6, 23, 25-trien-3-ol （ Ⅱ b）. Conclusion New compounds I a, I b, Ⅱa, and Ⅱ b are iso-lated from M. charantia for the first time.