超细晶高氮奥氏体不锈钢的制备及其性能

Preparation and Property Measurement of Ultra-fine High-nitrogen Austenitic Stainless Steel

通过机械合金化和放电等离子烧结技术制备超细晶高氮奥氏体不锈钢，用X射线衍射仪和透射电镜、能谱仪对粉体及烧结试样进行了表征，对其进行了力学性能试验。结果表明：在球磨的过程中，粉末中的氮化物逐渐消失，烧结试样基体为奥氏体；烧结试样氮含量1．19％，其晶粒尺寸为50～100nm，氮元素在试样基体内分布均匀；制备的超细晶高氮奥氏体不锈钢硬度、抗拉强度均超过普通的304奥氏体不锈钢，耐腐蚀性能比304奥氏体不锈钢更加优良。

An ultra-fine grain high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel was prepared by mechanical alloying （MA） and the spark plasma sintering （SPS） technology. The XRD-patterns show that nitride in the powder disappeared during the milling and the matrix of sintered sample is austenite. Nitrogen analysis shows nitrogen content in the sintered sample is 1. 19%. TEM shows grain size of sample is distributed from 50 nm to 100 nm. Energy spectrum shows element of nitrogen is evenly distribued in matrix of sample. Capability-testing shows that the hardness and tensile strength of the sample are higher than those of ordinary 304 stainless steel Corrosion resistance of sample is more excelled than that of ordinary 304 stainless steel.