家蚕茧质性状广义遗传分析

General genetic analysis of cocoon quality characters of silkworm Bombyx mori L.

采用广义遗传模型分析得知，全茧量、蛹重的性连锁效应作用强度达５０％左右，加性效应与显性效应的作用强度相近，为１５％左右；茧层量、丝素量主要受加性效应控制，达５０％左右，显性效应为２５％左右，性连锁效应较弱，为５％左右；茧层率加性效应与性连锁效应的作用具同等强度，为３０％多；显性效应作用较弱，为１０％左右．母体效应在５个性状中的作用较弱，基因与环境互作效应对５个性状作用形式相类似．其中基因加性及显性与环境互作两项效应的作用略强．由本模型所得剩余机误方差很小，仅为５％左右，说明本模型比较合理．因此，在此基础上。

Based on the analysis by the application of general genetic model,it was found that the sex linkage effect of cocoon weight and pupal weight was very strong,about 50%,the additive and dominant effect of that were similar,about 15%,but the characters of cocoon shell weight and fibroin content were mainly controlled by additive effect, reached 50%,and the dominant effect was about 25%,sex linkage effect was very low,only about 5%.Additive and sex linkage effect of cocoon shell rate were over 30% ,and its dominant effect was relatively low, about 10%. Maternal effects of the five characters were very low, and the interacting effect of gene and environment on these five characters were similar,only the interacting of dominance or additivity of genes with environment was a little higher.The variance of residual random error from this model was very small, only about 5%. Terefore , the model established in this experiment was reasonable, and the forecasting of genetic effect from experimented varieties based on this model was reliable.