落叶松种子园昆虫群落和优势种群分析

The Insect Fauna Composition and The Analysis of Its Dominant Population in the Larch Seed Orchard

研究了辽宁省清原县大孤家子落叶松种子园的昆虫群落和优势种群构成，结果表明：落叶松种子园有昆虫１７８种（１２目，７６科）。其中植食性昆虫１０９种，以落叶松为营养的有３２种，肉食性昆虫４８种，其他２１种。昆虫来源有栽培地土壤中和残株上原有的种类，由周围林木和植物上迁移扩散而来的种类和临时飞来和着落的种类。列出了以落叶松为中心的食物链。由于种子园母树株行距大，光照充足，适于喜光性虫种的生存繁殖；化学防治的筛选使隐蔽性害虫得以保留，暴露性虫种受到淘汰，从而逐渐形成优势种群。主要有落叶松稀球果花蝇，黑胸球果花蝇、落叶松实小卷蛾、落叶松鞘蛾和松皮小郑蛾等５种，是影响树木生长和种子收成的主要害虫。

The insect fauna and the composition of its dominant population in the larch seed orchad was studied in Dagujiazi,Qingyuan county,Liaoning Province.The result showed that there are 78 specise of insects (12 orders,76 families) in the seed orchard,among which 109 spp.are carnivorous,and 21 spp.otherwise.Some of the insects are the natives in the soil or on the stumps,some came from the near trees and herbs,and some are temporary passengers.The components of the complex food chain feeding on larch are sisted.Because of the large space between seed trees and the plentifulness of light,the phototactic insects are favoured in existence and propagation.The selection of chemical control killed the exposed insects,but the hiding ones remain.The gradually formed dominant insect species include Strobilomyia infrequens (Ackland),S.melania Fan, Retinia perangustana Snell.,Coleophora dahurica Flkv.and Laspeyriesia grunetiana(Rtzb),which seriously affect the tree growth and yield,and ought to be monitored and controlled.