农村育龄妇女自然流产危险因素流行病学研究

An epidemiological study on risk factor of spontaneous abortion of fertile women among rural residents

目的：探讨安徽省农村育龄妇女自然流产的危险因素。方法：采用随机整群抽样调查、单因素分析和Logistic回归分析。结果：安徽省农村育龄妇女1962~2001年间自然流产率达4.85%,明显高于全国平均水平3.60%。单因素分析显示,体重指数过高或过低、产前无检查、孕周检查过迟、多胎次、避孕失败、孕前吸烟或吃药、孕期吸烟或吃药均增加自然流产的危险性。Logistic回归分析得出高胎次（第2胎起）、服药避孕失败而怀孕、孕期吸烟、怀孕前近期吃药均增加自然流产的危险性。结论：该省农村妊娠妇女中并不存在特别的自然流产职业性危险因素,但进一步抓好计划生育、杜绝多胎生育、加强孕期保健等对降低自然流产率和促进妇女生殖健康是有利的。

Objective： To investigate the risk factor of spontaneous abortion of fertile women among rural region in Anhui province in 2001. Methods： Random cluster sampling survey, single variance analysis and multivariate logistic regression were adopted. Results： The spontaneous abortion rate in the areas from 1962 to 2001 was 4. 85% , obviously higher than the average rate of China （ 3. 60% ）. Results from the single variance analysis indicated that higher or lower body mass indice （ BMI ）, women without prenatal checkup or later checkup, more embryos, unsuccessful conception control, smoking or taking pills prior to or during pregnancy increased the danger of spontaneous abortion. Results from multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that more embryos （from the second embryo） , pregnancy after an unsuccessful contraception of taking pills, smoking prior pregnancy, taking pills prior to or during pregnancy leaded to higher spontaneous abortion rate. Conclusion： There is no particular occupational risk factors of spontaneous abortion in the rural areas, but it is beneficial to further strengthen family planning, stop more birth and enhance pregnancy care for the reduction of spontaneous abortion rate and the improvement of reproduction health.