传染病医院与疾控中心的给水排水系统设计

Water Supply and Drainage Design in Infectious Diseases Hospital and Center for Disease Control & Prevention

传染病医院和疾病预防控制中心具有传染性和生物危害性,其给水排水系统与卫生防疫和环境安全密切相关,尤其是污水处理排放问题受到当地群众的普遍关注。为此,结合对欧美此类设施的考察和工作实践,对如何确保用水安全、防止内部感染及环境污染等给水排水设计进行了研究与探索。指出分类、分质、分路供水及合理设置倒流防止器是保证用水安全的有效措施;污(废)水的分类收集及预处理、通气管道设置及有害气体消毒、地漏产品的选择及布置、管材的选用及安装等是保障环境安全的关键措施;完善相关标准规范、研制专用高温高压灭菌设备、搞好应急设计是其依托和发展措施。

Infectious diseases hospital and center for disease control and prevention are the infectious and biohazardous places in which the water supply and drainage systems are closely related to hygiene and anti-epidemics and environmental safety, especially the local people generally concerns and worries about the wastewater treatment and discharge. For this purpose, combined with the investigation of such facilities and work practices in Europe and the United States, water supply and drainage design measures, such as how to ensure the water safety, prevent the interior infection and environmental pollution and so on were researched. It is pointed out that supplying water according to category, quality and pipeline and establishing backflow prevention device reasonably are the effective measures which guarantee the water safety. The sewage and wastewater classification collection and pretreatment, the vent pipe establishment and the noxious gas disinfection, the floor drain product choice and arrangement, the pipe material selection and installation and so on are essential measures which safeguard the environmental safety. Perfecting the relevant standards and specifications, developing special autoclave sterilization equipment and doing well the emergency design are the support and development measures.