能源安全与上海发展

Energy Security and Shanghai's Development

上海作为一个资源消耗型的国际大都市，消耗的能源几乎全部靠国内调入和国外进口，能源的发展完全依赖于外部市场。而当前，国际形势风云变幻，受多种不确定因素的影响，国际原油价格大幅波动，未来世界天然气市场格局不明朗；在国内，东部沿海地区能源对外依存度高，区域能源系统协调性差，能源的结构性、季节性矛盾明显。这些问题正在影响着上海社会经济的可持续发展。

As a resource-consuming international metropolis, Shanghai relies almost entirely on domestic transfer and international imports for its energy supply,and its energy development is completely dependent on the external market.Meanwhile,the international situation is changing constantly,crude oil prices are fluctuating under the impact of multiple uncertainty factors,and the global natural gas market faces an unpredictable future.These issues are having an impact on the sustainable development of Shanghai's social economy. Guaranteeing energy security is an important component of Shanghai's development strategy.At the core is establishment of a'diversified,multi-level, multi-directional'energy security system.This will require a structure which ensures supply and regulates demand,as well as equal priority for static material reserves and dynamic non-material safeguards.The following must therefore be accomplished:1)Prioritize systematic research,strengthen the energy system's logistics network construction,and improve interchangeability between different energy types;2) Define total energy volume controls;3) Build stronger institutions,set up integrated management sections and control and dispatch centers to improve command coordination;build a Shanghai energy resource information library and energy safety pre-warning system,implementing dynamic energy system monitoring and real-time system management;4) Formulate an emergency response plan for energy crises;5)Establish an energy reserve system,and rationally apply reserves to resolving the short-term energy security issue;6)Develop energy demand management,adjusting demand situationally and improving system flexibility(reducing rigidity);7) Establish a sound energy market and actively develop technologies to resolve the long-term energy security issue.