GPS技术用于监测大城市三维形变

Application of GPS to Metropolis 3D Deformation Monitoring

城市地面的不均匀沉降或三线形变是一种对大城市危害极大的环境灾害，文中进一步探讨应用GPS卫星定位技术监测这种三线形变的可抒性和有关问题．讨论GPS分期监测的数据处理的理论和方法，论证所采用的平差模型和基准方程的合理性，并说明基准方税的几何意义．通过对一个GPS形交监测试验网的计算，说明文中所采用的平差模型能够较好地解决不同期观测的尺度和方位偏差问题，GPS监测的平面精度可达2～3mm，高程精度可达5mm左右．

Based on the fundamental of extended rank defect adjustment, theauthors presented data processing theory and methodology of GPS monitoringnetworks. The reasonableness of adjustment models and datum equations usedwere also proved. Through the calculation and analysis of a smallscale GPSmonitoring test network, the authors meant to illustrate that the adjustmentmodel could be used to solve the problems about scale and orientetion deviation inthe different observation phases. The horizontal precision could reach 2~3mm, andvertical precision was about 5mm. All the results proved that GPS could be used inmetropolis 3D deformation monitoring.