男性高血压患者的血压控制现状及影响因素分析

Blood pressure control situation and influential factors of male hypertension patients

目的分析男性高血压患者的血压控制情况及影响因素。方法回顾性分析男性高血压患者2 159例,记录年龄、血压水平、早发心血管病家族史、体质量指数、吸烟史、血生化指标、相关靶器官损害及并存疾病等。所有患者均进行了超声心动图检查评价心脏的结构和功能。结果2 159例男性高血压患者服药率和血压控制率分别为92.3%、32.9%。降压药物中应用较多的是利尿剂、钙离子拮抗剂、血管紧张素受体拮抗剂和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂。1 716例(79.5%)合并有高血压家族史、吸烟史、血脂异常、糖尿病史等危险因素。合并高血压家族史、动脉硬化的客观证据及脑卒中病史的患者血压不容易控制;冠心病患者的血压相对控制较好;高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症患者血压控制较差;超声心动图检查左心室舒张末径、室间隔肥厚、左心室射血分数降低与血压控制不良相关。结论男性高血压患者的服药率较高,血压控制率较低,血压的控制并未有随着服药数量的增加而改善,与合并的危险因素及临床情况、生化指标及心脏的结构和功能有关。

[ Objective] To analyze blood pressure control situation and other influential factors of male hypertension patients. [ Methods] Retrospectively analyzed 2 159 male hypertension patients and recorded age, blood pressure, family medical history, body mass index, smoking history and so on. Echocardiography examination was undertaken to appraise cardiac structure and function. [ Results] The rate of treatment and blood pressure control was 92. 3% and 32. 9% respectively. Diuretic, calcium antagon, angiotensin receptor antagonist and converting enzyme inhibitor were commonly used. 1 716 （79.5%） patients merged with risk factors of family hypertension history, smoking , blood fat abnormality and diabetes. Among the concomitance disease and risk factors, there were significant difference of family history, arteriosclerotic evidence , stroke history , coronary artery disease, hypercholesterolemia, abnormal LVEDD, IVS and LVEF between two groups with normal and abnormal hypertention. [ Conclusion] Male hypertension patients have high treatment rate and low blood pressure control rate. The control situation associates with risk factors , clinical disease and cardiac structure and function.