橘小实蝇寄生蜂——切割潜蝇茧蜂的生物学特性

Biological characteristics of Psyttalia incisi (Hymenoptera:Braconidae),a parasitoid of Bactrocera dorsalis(Diptera:Tephritidae)

切割潜蝇茧蜂是寄生橘小实蝇的重要内寄生蜂,为中国新纪录种。在室内(25±1)℃、(70±10)%相对湿度条件下,对切割潜蝇茧蜂的形态、习性、最适寄主日龄、实验种群寄生率、性比与每雌产卵量等进行了观察研究。结果表明,切割潜蝇茧蜂多产卵于橘小实蝇的l-2日龄幼虫体内,平均世代历期27.4 d,室内平均寄生率达18.02%,雌雄性比1∶1.426;成蜂寿命15-33 d,雌蜂寿命长于雄蜂,羽化后即可交配,交配时间持续0.5-3.0 m in,交配后1-2 d即可产卵,每雌一生产卵50-85粒,每雌每日卵量呈波动减少现象。该蜂可用体积分数为20%蜜水补充营养,成虫具有正趋光性、孤雌生殖和过寄生现象。本研究结果可为寄生蜂的大量饲养以及橘小实蝇的生物防治技术奠定基础。

Psyttalia incisi （ Silvestri）, an important endoparasitoid of the Bactrocera dorsalis, was reported as a new record in China. Morphology, habits and behaviors, optimal host age, parasitism and sex ratio of experimental population, and eggs per female were studied under the condition of （25 ＋ 1 ）℃ and （70±10） % RH. The results showed that P. incisi completed its preimage inside the host in 27. 4 d after ovipositing 1 - 2 d old larvae of B. dorsalis, the average parasitism of experimental population was about 18.02% with 1：1.426 sex ratio （♀：♂ ） Adult longevity was 15 -33 d, and the female survived much longer than the male. The female and male could mate soon after emerging, and the mating behavior last 0. 5 -3.0 rain.- The female ovipositing occurred 1 -2 d after mating. The number of eggs per female was 50 -85 during it＇s lifespan, The rhythm of laying eggs por female per day was fluctuating with trend declines. The parasitoids could feed with 20% honey water and had the taxis, parthenogenesis and supor- parasit habit. All results could established a good foundation for mass rearing of the parasitoids and the biological control of B. dorsalis.