碳纤维增强复合材料在空间光学结构中的应用

Application of carbon fibre reinforced composite to space optical structure

测试了碳纤维/环氧复合材料的力学性能,设计并测试了热膨胀系数,然后测试了空间辐射后的材料性能,并研究了在空间光学结构中应用碳纤维/环氧复合材料制品的工艺方法。研究表明:碳纤维/环氧复合材料具有高的比强度和比刚度,较铝合金结构可以减重30%以上;碳纤维/环氧复合材料的热膨胀系数可以根据需要进行设计,在需要的方向上可以设计成"零"或负的热膨胀系数;在空间辐射条件下,碳纤维/环氧复合材料性能良好,其总质量损失为0.15%、可挥发的冷凝物质为7.66×10-5g/g、24 h水汽回吸率为0.12%。结果表明,碳纤维/环氧复合材料具有优良的性能指标,在空间光学结构中有广泛的应用。

The mechanical properties of carbon/epoxy composites and their Coefficient of Thermal Expansion（CTE） were tested and the material property after radiation in space was tested. Finally, a processing method of carbon/epoxy composites in the application of space optical structure was studied. The research results show that the weight of optical structure made from carbon/epoxy composite with high specific strength and stiffness can be reduced more 30% than that of aluminum alloy. The CTE of carbon/epoxy composites can be designed as ＂zero＂ or ＂negative＂ in a certain direction according to requirement. Carbon/epoxy composites have excellent performances under the condition of radiation in space,so that they have a wide application in space optical structure. The experiments give several conclutions, which is Total Mass Loss（TML） of 0.15 %, Collected Volatile Condensable Materials（CVCM） of 7.66）〈 10^-5 g/g, and Water Vapor Regained（WVR） of 0.12%.