无衍射光的干涉实验与理论分析

Experiments and Theoretical Analyses of Non-Diffracting Beams Interference

分析了两束无衍射光的干涉场分布形式和干涉条纹轨迹。将一束单色光入射两小孔产生的两束相干光照射轴锥镜,在轴锥镜后将产生两束无衍射光。根据单束倾斜光入射轴锥镜的无衍射理论,分析出这两束无衍射光产生的干涉场为每束无衍射光的无衍射场的线性叠加。利用零阶贝塞尔函数的零点公式,推导出两束无衍射光的干涉条纹的轨迹为双曲线。计算结果表明,干涉场中两中心的间距与两孔实际的间距和干涉场距轴锥镜的距离成正比。实验结果与理论仿真相一致。

The interference pattern and locus of interference fringes of two non-diffracting beams are analyzed. Two non-diffracting beams are generated when an axicon is illuminated by two coherent beams, which are produced by two pinholes illuminated by a monochromatic wave. Based on the non-diffracting property of an axicon in oblique illumination, the interference field is the linear superposition of each non-diffracting field of non-diffracting beam. The locus of interference fringes is analyzed to be hyperbola according to the zero-point formula of zero-order Bessel function. Results show that the distance of the two centers of interference field is proportional to the distance of the two pinholes and the distance between the axicon and interference field. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulation.