引史失实 论理不周——《文心雕龙·知音篇》商榷

False Historical Facts and Illogical Theoretical Analysis——Discussion on Confidant in Wenxindiaolong

作为《文心雕龙》中的名篇,《知音》一直备受推崇、好评如潮。然其亦有可商之处:一是史实的引用不够准确,对所要说明的观点不能充分论证,有的还与原文材料不相一致;更有甚者,主观臆度,望文生义。二是理论的阐述不够成熟、周密,对因古代文人文化心理的超前而造成的知音难觅这一现象认识不足,"平理若衡"的追求过于绝对,也没有认识到文学鉴赏、批评具有意识形态评价的性质。

The Confidant has been highly acclaimed as the renowned work in Wenxindiaolong. However it has some points worthy of further discussion. First, what it cited as historical data is lack of accuracy and fails to validate the viewpoints, and some go counter to the original materials and even go to such extreme as subjective guesswork. Second, the theoretical approach is not so mature and considered, failing to understand fully the confidant because of the pre-cultural psychology of the ancient writers. Besides, the pursuit of fair appraisal is too absolute and it also fails to recognize the fact that the appreciation and the criticism of literature have the nature of ideological evaluation.