地方精英与上海抗战——以“一二八”事变期间的上海市民地方维持会为例

Local Elites and the Anti-Japanese War in Shanghai-with the Shanghai Civic Association during the Incident of January 28 in Shanghai as a Case Study

本文对"一二八"事变期间上海市民地方维持会的会员构成及开展的活动进行了论析,认为上海市民地方维持会是以上海金融工商界领袖人物为主组成的一个地方精英组织,它在战时全面地承担起了支援前线、稳定后方的任务,"补助政府之所未及",①从而以民间团体的身份履行了政府的部分职能。上海市民地方维持会能够成功地进行战时动员,与上海市民意识的觉醒和地方自治的传统息息相关。

This paper makes an analysis of the member constitution in Shanghai Civic Association and their activities during the Incident of January 28.It holds that this association was a local eliue organization consisted of leading figures from the financial and business circles in Shanghai.It undertook the task of supporting the front and stabilizing the rear and 'made up for what the government failed to do',fulfilling part of the government functions as a civilian organization.That the association could perform wartime mobilization had much to do with the awareness of Shanghai citizens and their tradition of self-governance.