苹果铁锰含量变化及其关系

Fe and Mn Concentration in Apple Trees and Its Relationship

为了了解铁、锰之间的关系,更好地防治生产中的苹果营养病害,本文通过定点采样,结合分析测定,对山东省苹果主要产区苹果花和不同时间叶片铁、锰含变化进行了研究,结果表明:苹果花铁含量高于叶铁,叶铁含量以养分回流期最高,其次是春梢停长期,秋梢旺长期含量最低。缺铁黄化苹果树与正常树相比,叶片全铁含量没有明显降低。从盛花期到养分回流期,苹果叶片锰含量逐步增加,与正常树相比,缺铁黄化苹果叶片锰含量明显下降,而且与叶片黄化程度加重的趋势一致,同时Fe/Mn比值升高。与正常果园相比,发生锰毒害的果园锰含量明显增加,铁含量变化不明显,但Fe/Mn比值明显下降。说明保持苹果树体铁、锰平衡,对于减少铁锰营养病害的发生具有重要作用。

In order to discuss the relationship between Fe and Mn, prevent the occurrence of nutrient disease on apple tree. Fe and Mn concentration in flowers and leaves of apple tree in various main product area of Shandong province were investigated. The results showed that Fe concentration in flowers were higher than that in leaves. Fe concentration in leaves of nutrient recycling period was the highest, Spring tip sopping period was the second, and the Autumn growing period was the lowest. Fe concentration in apple leaves with iron chlorosis changed little compared with no iron chlorosis. However, Mn concentration in flowers of apple trees were lower than that in leaves, and it appeared increasing from flower blooming period to nutrient recycling period. Mn concentration in apple leaves with iron deficiency were lower than that without iron chlorosis, the degree of reduction were the same as iron chlorosis in apple tree, and FeMn ratio increased. Compared with normal apple orchard, Mn concentration increased and Fe/Mn ration decreased obviously, and Fe concentration changed little in corresponding to the degree of Internal Bark Necrosis. It suggested that Fe and Mn balance in apple tree play an important role for correction of Fe and Mn disorder.