花卉空间诱变效应及育种研究进展

Research Progress on Biological Effect and Breeding of the Flowers Induced by the Space Environment

近20年来,中国已经对50多种花卉的种子、组织培养材料等进行了卫星或高空气球搭载。研究表明在搭载过程中,空间环境对花卉种子萌发、生长发育、性状的遗传变异会产生一定的影响。对卫星搭载后空间环境对花卉表型性状、生理生化特性、细胞学效应、在分子水平对其遗传物质的影响及新品种选育等方面的研究进行了总结,并对存在的问题和前景进行了讨论。

In recent years, seeds and tissue culture materials of more than fifty species or cultivars of flowers have been carried by the recoverable satellite or the high altitude balloon in China. It was reported that the space environment can cause some influence on the germination of the seeds, the development of the plants and the change of the inherited substance. The studies on effects of the character, physiology and chromosome in the flowers induced by the space environment were reviewed. The problem and the prospect of the space mutation breeding in the flowers were also discussed in this paper. Space mutation breeding, Flower, Biological Effect, Mutation