积极心理学中流畅感理论评介

Recommend the Theory of Flow of Positive Psychology

流畅状态是积极心理学的一个研究领域,Csikszentimihalyi在上世纪70年代中期提出流畅感理论。流畅感是指人们从事具有挑战性与技能要求相平衡的任务或活动时,产生的一种积极的心理体验。在流畅状态中,人们表现出"有明确的活动目标、活动与意识融合、注意力高度集中、自我暂时性消失、时间感扭曲、有高度的控制感、精确的回馈、发自内心参与活动"的特征。本文介绍了流畅感的涵义、特征、影响因素、研究方法及流畅感理论的应用价值。

The flow state is a important field of positive psychology. In 1975＇s, Csikszentimihalyi first presented the Flow Theory. Flow expreiences occur when people become engaged in controllable but challenging tasks or activities that require considerable skill and which are intrinsically motivating. In flow state people experience that ＂clear activity goals, activity inoseulate into a deep level of concentration, self-awareness is temporary lack and the perception of time is distorted, the sense of high control, pre- cise feedback and activity motivation is intrinsically motivating＂. This article summarized the history, definition, investigative content, methods, the applied value and direction of Flow state＇s research.