韩国人口老龄化过程及其启示

Population Aging Process of Korea and Its Enlightenment

韩国人口老龄化的过程与中国有很多相似之处,经历了20世纪50年代的高生育率和死亡率降低、60年代以后的生育率下降直到目前的超低生育率,韩国人口在世纪之交快速进入老龄化阶段。预计初婚年龄的升高、持续的低生育率和育龄妇女数量的减少将会使韩国人口进一步老化。快速的人口老龄化已经为韩国社会带来了一系列的经济和社会问题,应对老龄化带来的挑战成为国家面临的重大问题。韩国的老龄化过程、现状以及采取相应的对策,将对中国具有启示意义。

The process of aging in Korea is very similar to that of China. The fast population aging in the turning of the century in Korea has been highly related to high fertility rate and decreased mortality rate in the 1950s, decreased fertility since the 1960s and low fertility of today. It is expected that aging will continue due to delayed age at first marriage, low and stable fertility, and the decreasing of childbearing aged women in the future. The fast aging process is a big challenge to Korean society, and it is very important for the state to response. The process of aging, relevant strategy would be meaningful experience and lessons to China.