中国古人词法观念述评

A Commentary on Accidence Concepts of Ancient China

中国古人已有相当丰富的词法观念。对词类问题如词的虚与实、词类的划分,词的语法功能如实词的活用、及物与不及物及虚词的表连接、语气等作用均有一定程度的认识。

Ancient China had rich accidence concepts. They possessed definite cognition about the emptiness and substantiality of words, the partition of pasts as part of speech, and the grammatical function of words such as the change of substantival partition of pasts as part of speech, transitive and intransitive effects of verb, and the conjunctional or medal effect of empty word.