河北省地表水中多环芳烃的分布特征

Distribution of PAHs in surface waters of Hebei Province

测定采自河北省12条河流和19个湖泊、水库共37个样点的地表水及悬浮颗粒中16种多环芳烃(PAH16)和有机碳的含量.结果表明,河北省地表水PAH16均值为(84.5±4.5)ng·L-1,悬浮颗粒PAH16含量均值为(17.3±4.4)μg·g-1.地表水中PAH16以中、低环成份为主,悬浮颗粒中则以中环为主.地表水PAH16高浓度样点主要分布在沧州的献县闸、桑园桥,唐山的女织寨及张家口的左卫桥、响水堡等地;悬浮物PAHs高含量样点主要分布在唐山陡河水库、保定西大洋水库、邯郸东武仕水库等地.地表水中PAH16含量与水中溶解态有机碳含量呈对数正相关;而悬浮颗粒中PAH16浓度与颗粒态有机碳浓度无显著相关关系.3个样点的地表水苯并(a)芘含量超过国家地表水质量标准;而悬浮颗粒中,菲、芴和蒽产生负面生态效应的几率较高.

Samples of surface water and suspended particles collected from 37 sites in the rivers, lakes and reservoirs in Hebei Province were analyzed for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAH16） and organic carbon. The analytical results indicated that the geometric averages of the total PAH16 in surface waters and suspended particles were （84.5 ±4.5 ）ng· L^-1 and （ 17.3 ± 4.4） μg· g^-1 respectively. Small and medium - sized PAH compounds were dominant in surface waters, while medium - sized PAH species dominated in suspended particles. The sampling sites with high concentrations of PAH16 in surface waters were located in the Xianxian and Wuqiao districts of Cangzhou, Nvzhizhai district of Tangshan and Zuoweiqiao and Xiangshuibao districts of Zhangjiakou. The Douhe Reservoir in Tangshan, the Xidayang Reservoir in Baoding and the Dongwushi Reservoir in Handan had high PAH16 concentrations in suspended particles. PAH16 concentrations in surface waters were positively correlated logarithmically with dissolved organic carbon content, whereas PAH16 concentrations in suspended particles were not significantly correlated with particulate organic carbon content. In 3 sites, concentrations of benzo[ a] pyrene （BaP） in surface waters were higher than the state quality standards, and phenanthrene （Phe）, fluorene （Fie）, and anthracene （Ant） in suspended particles had stronger potential ecological risk than other species.