播种期和播种量对2种冬性牧草生产和干物质产量的影响

Effect of sowing date and sowing rate on the growth and DM yield of two winter forages

研究了播种时间和播种量对云南省秋冬季播种多花黑麦草和光叶紫花苕生长和干物质产量的影响。结果表明,多花黑麦草的适宜播种量为22.5 kg/hm2,光叶紫花苕为45 kg/hm2,低于此播种量时,饲草产量将受到显著影响(P<0.05),高于此播种量时产量差异不显著(P>0.05)。播种量与播种时间无互作效应(P>0.05),故2种牧草在云南秋冬季播种时,播种时间改变不需调整用种量。牧草品种与播种期之间存在显著的互作效性(P<0.05),推迟播种时间对饲草产量影响显著(P<0.05),且对多花黑麦草的影响程度更严重。干季少雨及4月的高温天气是影响云南省冬播多花黑麦草产量的2个重要因素,播种时间晚于11月中旬,光叶紫花苕的播种价值大于多花黑麦草。

The effects of sowing date and sowing rate on yield of Loliurn rnultiflorurn and Vicia villosa sowing in autumn and winter in Yunnan province showed that the optimum sowing rate of L. rnultiflorurn was 22.5 kg/hm^2 and of Vicia villosa was 45 kg/hm^2. sowing rates below these would reduce yields （P〈0.05）, but there were no significant （P〉0.05）differences above these rates. There were no interactions between sowing rate and sowing date in either forages（P〉0.05）, so changing sowing rate was not necessary when sowing date was changed. Delaying sowing date significantly （P〈0.05） reduced the yield of both forages but was more serious for L. rnultiflorurn. Lack of moisture in the dry season and high temperatures in April were two important factors affecting yields of L. multiflorurn. It is likely that the planting value of V. villosa was higher than that of L. rnultiflorurn when sowed after the middle ten days of November in Yunnan province.