知情选择干预对育龄妇女避孕知识水平的影响

Effect of informed choice intervention in contraception on contraceptive knowledge levels of women of childbearing age

目的 了解避孕方法知情选择干预对已婚育龄妇女避孕知识水平的影响.方法 采用问卷调查,对9 904位（干预前4 828人,干预后5 076人）20～49岁的育龄妇女进行避孕知识得分及影响因素调查,并进行了相关的统计分析.结果 ①干预前育龄妇女避孕知识得分平均为17.27±9.31分,干预后平均得分为24.25±10.89分（t=109.03,P=0.000）,干预前30分以上者占调查总人数的13.1%,干预后30分以上者占调查总人数的25.8%（χ^2=252.98,P=0.000）;②干预后与干预前比较,调查对象对避孕方法知情选择的认知情况有明显改善,计划生育技术服务能力有明显提高,干预后知道避孕方法知情选择的人数较干预前提高21.2个百分点.干预前65.1%的服务站能够向前来咨询或选择避孕方法的育龄群众提供宣传资料;干预后提高到80.3%（χ^2=414.47,P=0.000）;③影响避孕知识得分的因素有：村别、文化程度、是否读报刊、是否参加计划生育宣传、是否参加人口学校学习等10余种.结论 干预措施有效,但还需要进一步加强避孕方法知情选择政策及避孕知识的宣传,提高技术人员服务能力,改善育龄群众素质.

Objective To understand effect of informed choice intervention in contraception on contraceptive knowledge levels of married women of childbearing age. Methods A total of 9 904 married women aged 20 to 49 years old （4 828 before intervention, 5 076 after intervention） were selected and investigated with a structured questionnaire. The scores in contraceptive knowledge of the women were recorded and influencing factors were analyzed. Results （1）The average score in contraceptive knowledge of women who were investigated before intervention was 17.27 ± 9.31. Only 13. 1% of subjects＇ scores were over 30 （full marks was 50）. The average score in contraceptive knowledge of women who were investigated after intervention was 24.25 ± 10.89, and 25.8% of subjects＇ scores were over 30; （2）Mter intervention, the recognition for informed choice of contraception of women was improved evidently as compared with that before intervention, the doctor＇s professional skill of family planning after intervention was improved significantly as compared with that before intervention; the proportion of women who knew informed choice of contraception after intervention was raised by 21.2% as compared with that before intervention; before intervention, only 65.1% of service centers offered propaganda materials for married women of childbearing age who came to the service center to inquire or choose contraception, after intervention, the proportion was raised to 80.3% （the increment in the proportion was15.2% ） ; （3）The influencing factors of score in levels of contraceptive knowledge of married women of childbearing age included classification of villages which the investigated women lived in, educational level of the women, whether the women read newspapers and journals or obtained the related knowledge from internet, whether the women participated in contraceptive knowledge propaganda, whether the women watched TV and listened to radio, whether the women learned contraceptive knowledge from population school, whether they knew implication of the informed choice in contraception, whether they chosen contraception by herself, the ways of contraception recommended by doctors in family planning technical service center, whether the service centers offered propaganda materials for them and so on. Conclusion The interventions are effective. The propaganda about the policy of contraceptive informed choice and contraceptive knowledge should be strengthened further. And＂ the doctor＇s professional skill should be raised and married women＇s quality should be improved.