我国东北地区第一个老第三纪哺乳动物群的研究

FIRST PALEOGENE MAMMALIAN FAUNA FROM NORTHEAST CHINA

本文记述了在我国东北地区首次发现的老第三纪哺乳动物群——吉林桦甸哺乳动物群。计有食虫目盔猬亚科的中华晓猬(新属、新种)Eochenus sinensis gen. et sp. nov.,桦甸齿鼩猬(新种)Tupaiodon huadianensis sp. nov.,鼩鼱科的吉林蕾鼩(新属、新种)Ernosorex jilinensis gen. et sp. nov.,灵长目始镜亚科的长白亚洲镜猴(新属、新种)Asiomomys changbaicus gen. et sp. nov.和啮齿目先松鼠科的东方争胜鼠(新属、新种)Zelomys orientalis gen. et sp. nov.和纤细争胜鼠(新种)Z. gracilis. sp, nov.等。其中Eochenus可能代表目前已知最原始的盔猬类。Ernosorex可能是鼩鼱类具有原始特征的旁枝。桦甸哺乳动物群与北美尤因他动物群的关系较近,而与欧洲同期不同。表明当时亚洲与北美之间有直接的动物群交流。其中争胜鼠可能由北美迁来,而鼩鼱类可能从亚洲起源,然后迁往北美。桦甸动物群的时代为晚中始新世或晚始新世。当时桦甸盆地为森林沼泽湖泊景观,气候较温暖潮湿。

In Northeast China Paleogene oil shale and coal deposits have been extensively exploitedin many basins for about alf century. However, no fossil mammals had ever been founduntil 1984 when a team of the Regional Geological Survey, Bureau f Geology and Mineralesources of Jilin Province (RGSJ) discovered the first bones from Huadian Basin in thecentral part f Jilin Province. In the next year,]985, a joint team of the RUSJ and theInstitute of Vertebrate Paleontology and aleoanthropology, Academia Sinica (IVPP) surveyedthe site and found more fossils there. Together with mammalian fossils, ossil fish, reptiles,birds, gastropods and spore-pollen 'are abundantly collected as well. The discovery of this mammalian auna not only filled up the gap in the Paleogene mam-mal record in Northeast China, but also provided valuable information bout its geologicalge, .its relationship with faunas of the same age of other continents and the paleoclimate andpaleoecology f Northeast China. Meanwhile, it also threw light on the origin and distributionpattern of some taxa. The authors feel rateful to Dr. R. H. Tedford of the American Museum of NaturalHistory and Dr. W. D. Turnbull of the Field Museum of atural History. By their courtesythe' present authors received the most important casts for comparative study. We are under not}ligation to Prof. Zhai Renjie, Prof. Li Chu}nkui, Prof- Qiu Zhanxiang and Prof. TongYongsheng for reviewing the anuscript and contributing helpful comments, and Prof. SunMengrono, Prof. Lu Qingwu and' Mr. Jin Changzhu for their help n spore-pollen analysisand translation of Japanese literature. We are also indebted to Mrs. Hu Huiqing and Mr.Liu Zen#; fer heir drawings and Mr. Zhang Jie for the photograpgs.