运动员倦怠的测量与ABQ的初步修订

Study on the Measurement of Athlete Burnout and Primary Revision of ABQ

为寻找适合我国运动员倦怠的测量工具,在全面分析运动员倦怠测量研究文献的基础上,对运动员倦怠问卷在我国运动员中进行了试用与修订,首先,选取231名我国运动员对ABQ进行了信度和效度检验;其次,依据ABQ在我国运动员中的信度和效度检验和对部分运动员访谈的结果修订ABQ。然后,选取101名我国运动员对修订后的ABQ进行了信度和效度的检验。结果表明,1)ABQ运用于我国运动员时,其结构效度不太理想,成就感降低分量表的内部一致性信度差,造成这一结果原因可能在于受到文化价值等方面差异的影响;2)修订后的ABQ由13个条目构成,具有良好的测量学特性,是一份从应激和运动承诺的视角对运动员倦怠进行解释的问卷,可以作为进一步深入研究我国运动员倦怠的测量工具。

In order to seek the appropriate tool to measure issue of Chinese athlete burnout and based on analyzing the relevant research materials about the athlete burnout comprehensively, this paper makes revision on Athlete Burnout Questionnaire （ABQ）. The first step is to select 231 Chinese athletes as subject to test reliability and validity of ABQ, based on the above test result to revise some items of ABQ; the third step is to choose 101 Chinese athletes as subject to measure the reliability and validity of the revised ABQ. The result shows that （1） when using ABQ to measure the Chinese athlete burnout directly, the construct validity is not ideal and reduced sense of accomplishment, internal consistency reliability is not ideal, the reason that causes above limitation of ABQ is because of the culture, value difference between the two kinds of subjects. （2） The revised ABQ including 13 items, with excellent psychometric properties, is good questionnaire to explain issue of athlete burnout from stress and sport commitment aspect, and can be regarded as measure tool to research issue of Chinese athlete burnout.