国际法视野下的官方出口信贷——由WTO专家组裁决透视《补贴与反补贴协定》附件1第(k)项规定

Officially Supported Export Credit under International Law

为了鼓励和支持本国对外贸易的发展,各国一般都会设立国家政策性银行,以提供官方出口信贷的方式来提供信贷和融资支持,以解决企业发展资金难的问题,特别是在飞机、船舶等设备进出口领域,更是如此。我国也不例外,专门设立了中国进出口银行来鼓励和支持设备进出口的发展。然而,官方出口信贷在WTO国际法体制下是否是允许的呢?这一问题构成各国政策选择的先决性问题。本文即主要着眼于对这一问题的分析,希望能对我国官方出口信贷,特别是船舶领域官方出口信贷支持的发展提供理论借鉴。

To promote the development of international trade, many countries set up policy-oriented state banks to provide financial support to their enterprises to help them solve their financial problems. China has also established its own policy-oriented state bank-China Import and Export Bank. However, are officially supported credits permitted under the legal system of WTO？ This paper tries to answer this question based on an analysis of the item （k） of the Illustrative List of Export Subsidies of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.