PVC/(VC/BA)/纳米CaCO_3复合材料的研制及其力学性能研究

Preparation of PVC/(VC/BA)/nano-CaCO_3 Composite and Its Mechanical Properties

通过对纳米碳酸钙(nano-CaCO3)表面处理及其对聚氯乙烯(PVC)、氯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物(VC/BA)、nano-CaCO3三元复合体系加工工艺的考察,研制了PVC/(VC/BA)/nano-CaCO3复合材料,并对其力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:以nano-CaCO3与VC/BA共聚物先制成复合母粒,再与PVC进行共混的二次分散成型工艺,比传统的将三者直接进行共混的一次分散成型工艺更有利于纳米粒子在基体中的分散,所制材料的力学性能更优。当复合母粒中VC/BA与nano-CaCO3的比例为2∶3时,材料的力学性能最佳,nano-CaCO3和VC/BA能协同增韧PVC,并且nano-CaCO3对材料具有补强作用,使材料在强度保持基本不变的情况下冲击性能得到大幅度提高,当PVC和复合母粒质量比为100∶20时,材料的冲击强度达到49.5kJ/m,是纯PVC(PVC的冲击强度为4.9kJ/m)的10倍,拉伸强度仍高达51.0MPa。

Poly （ vinyl chloride ） （ PVC ） / （ vinyl chloride /butyl acrylate ） （ VC/BA ）/nanometer calcium carbonate（nano-CaCO3） composite was prepared in the basis of investigating nano-CaCO3 surface treatment and the processing of （PVC）/（VC/BA）/nano-CaCO3 ternary-phase composite, and its mechanical properties were also studied. The results showed that the dispersion of nano-CaCO3 filler in the matrix and the mechanical properties of prepared material could obviously be improved by the twice dispersion forming process in which the master batch was first prepared by dispersing the nano-CaCO3 in the VC/BA copolymer and then was processed with PVC,by being compared with the once dispersion forming process customarily in which VC/BA and nano-CaCO3 was directly added to PVC. The general mechanical properties of prepared composite were the best when the proportion of （VC/BA） to nano-CaCO3 in the master batch was 2：3 ; the reinforcing effect of nano-CaCO3 on PVC and good cooperation effect of nano-CaCO3 and VC/BA on the toughness were obtained during the forming process, the impact strength of PVC/（ VC/BA）/nano-CaCO3 composite was improved greatly, arriving at 49. 5kJ/m when the proportion of PVC to the master batch （（VC/BA） ： nano-CaCO3 = 2： 3） was 100： 20,as 10 times as much as that of pure PVC （4.9k J/m） ,at the same time the tensile strength of the composite also arrived at 51.0MPa.