微机控制信号设备安全软件的工程化开发及测试评估

Engineerization Development and Assessment of Micro-computer Control Signalling Safety Software

介绍微机控制信号设备涉及的软件工程化开发的方法以及一种软件可靠性、安全性的定性和定量测评方案；阐明了在计算机控制中安全软件工程化开发和管理的意义；提出我国开发此软件时应遵循的三类标准以及我国铁路信号安全软件按失效后果应划分的四个安全性等级。应用软件测试评估的基本方法，提出一种基于黑箱和灰箱测试评估的平台方案。该平台主要由对比环境、操作集、运行集、物理系统仿真、定性定量评估模块等部分构成。在测试中应定义那些正常的和非正常的操作集和运行集，并将其划分为若干个子集。利用这些子集在平台中运行可得到被测软件系统的可靠性和安全性的定性、定量评估结果。

In this paper, the methods of the software engineerization development and a scheme of the qualitative and quantitative assessment of software reliability and safety are introduced. The significance of the safety software engineerization development and the management in the micro-computer control system, three kinds of standards which should be obeyed during software development in our country, and four safety grades which should be classified according to the failure consequence in our national railway signalling safety software are clarified. And a basic method of making use of software test and assessment is discussed. On the other hand, a test and assessment platform based on 'black box' or 'grey box' is put forward.The major parts of the platform include the comparison surrounding, the operation set, the running set, the physical simulation system, the qualitative and quantitative assessment module etc. Before the test, those normal and abnormal operation set and running set shoud not be only defined, but also classified into subsets. By running these subsets on the platform, the qualitative assessment and quantitative measurement of reliability and safety of the tested software system can be obtained.