重视运价改革的理论研究

Attaching Importance to Theoretical Research of Tariff Reform

铁路运价改革，应建立在认真研究和正确运用价值规律和运价理论的基础之上，同时要彻底改革“高、大、半”和“政企合一”的铁路管理体制。遵循运输业是基础结构和公共企业的特点；遵循廉价运输的原则；明确运输业的产品是“位置效用”，而不是“吨公里”和“人公里”，从而避免对运价改革产生误导。提出根据“运输价值”法则，规定运价的最高限度和最低限度，并“按运输负担能力收费”的运价制定原则制定运价。

Railway tariff reform should be based on careful study and correct application of the law of value and tariff theory.At the same time,the railway management system of “high,large and half”and “government and enterprise combined into one”should be reformed completely.The characteristics of transportation industry as infrastructure and public enterprise should be observed.The principle of transportation at a low price should be followed.It should be clear that the transportation product is “position effectiveness” instead of “ton kilometer”and “person kilometer”,thus avoiding misguidance in tariff reform.The paper suggested to fix the highest and lowest limits of tariff according to the rule of “transportation value” and set up tariffs according to the principle of “charging according to the load on transport capacity”.