青少年非意愿妊娠原因及相关因素分析

Analysis on Reasons and Relevant Factors of Unwilling Gestation of Adolescents

目的探讨青少年非意愿妊娠的原因及相关因素，为青少年生殖保健提供依据。方法选择32名青少年违愿妊娠者做问卷调查。内容涉及调查对象的一般情况、生殖避孕知识、性观念性态度及妊娠原因等.结果调查对象学生占37．5％，外来务工占25％。19～23岁违愿妊娠发生率最高，第一次性行为发生年龄最早17岁。生殖避孕知识来源前三位分别是：媒体网络（43．8％）、学校（31．3％）及性伴（15．6％），对紧急避孕和流产引发不孕认知正确率达68．8％。90．6％非意愿妊娠性伴是恋爱对象，6．3％是普通朋友，一夜情占3．1％。认为发生性行为是“爱之必然”者占62．5％。未采取避孕措施者占75．0％，另有25．0％为避孕失败。96．9％表示需要学习避孕知识。结论青少年非意愿妊娠已成为不可回避的社会问题；性教育的缺失是主要原因；青少年生殖健康教育必须注重自我保护教育和生殖避孕知识的传授。

Objective To inquire into the reasons and relevant factors of unwilling gestation of adolescents and to offer basis of sexual health and medical care of adolescents. Method We use unregistered and self-stated questionnaire designed by ourselves. Content involves the general condition, sexual contraception knowledge, sexual ideas, sexual attitude and gestation reason of investigated objects, and so on. By using questionnaire we investigate 32 adolescents for unwilling gestation selected. Results Among investigated persons students contain 37.5 M, migrant workers contain 25 M. Gestation rate for the ages from 19 to 23 is the maximum. For first sexual practice the youngest age is 17. The first three places of knowledge resource of sexual contraception： 43.8 % learn from network media, 31.3 % from school, and 15.6 % from sexual fellows. For the recognition that emergency contraception and induced abortion may result in sterility, the correctness rate contains 68.8 %. Among unwilling gestation persons the sexual fellows of 90.6 Mare their lovers, those of 6.3 % are common friends, and that of 3. 1 % is one-night lover. 62. 5 % consider that the occurrence of the sexual behavior is the inevitable result of love. 75 M have not adopted contraception. 25 % break down to avoid pregnancy. 96.9 % mean to need to study the knowledge of contraception. Conclusion Unwilling gestation of adolescents has already become unavoidable society problem; The lacks of sexual education is the main reasons. Sexual health education of adolescents must pay attention on self-protection education and impartation of knowledge of sexual contraception.