追求运动训练本质的思维途径与精神基础

The Thinking Approach and Spirit Basis in Pursuit of the Nature of Sports Training

运动训练科学化的根本出路在于认识规律、把握本质。由于本质是事物的内在联系,所以,它只能由思维去把握。本文依据辩证唯物主义的哲学原理,采用文献资料法、逻辑推理法等方法系统地阐述了认识运动训练本质的思维途径与精神基础。提出了认识运动运动训练本质的感性认识为主、理性认识为主和德性修养为主三个阶段;重点梳理了在理性认识为主阶段的三层思维途径,分别是从认识运动项目的属性(特征、特点、特性)上切入,运用统计量化分析抓相互间关联;从把握运动项目和训练规律的本质上深化,运用哲学矛盾分析法抓主要矛盾与矛盾的主要方面;从揭示运动训练的原因与动力上推进,运用对立统一等唯物辩证法原理,抓客观规律性。

The ultimate solution for carrying out scientific sports training is to recognize the law and grasp the nature of sports training. As the nature refers to the internal relationship of something, it can only be grasped through thinking. On the basis of dialectical materialism, this article elaborates the thinking approach and spirit basis for understanding the nature of sports training by means of looking up documents and logical reasoning. The author puts forward three stages in this process, giving priority respectively to perceptual knowledge, rational knowledge and morality cultivation. Then, he focuses on the three thinking approaches in the stage of rational knowledge, namely, starting from understanding the properties （features, characteristics and identities） of sports items and then grasping their internal relationship with statistic and quantized analysis; starting from grasping the nature of sports items and training laws, then applying the law of contradiction to get the principal contradiction and the main aspects of contradiction; starting from revealing the cause and motivation of sports training, then applying the theory of materialistic dialectics, such as the law of the unity of opposite, to take the objective regularity in it.