兴隆山地区景观格局变化及驱动因子

Analyze landscape pattern changes of xinglong mountains and driving force

基于遥感、地理信息系统(GIS)技术和景观生态学方法,以兴隆山区研究区域,在1995年～2000年的土地利用图基础上,对景观格局特征及其动态变化进行研究分析,结果表明:1995年到2000年期间,耕地、林地、城乡建设草地和耕地面积有增加的趋势;林地和水域面积有减少的趋势。针对景观指数的空间分布,采用统计分析方法得出:景观指数SHDI和SHAPE-MN相关性较差;选用代表性指数SHDI,利用TAPES-G、SRAD和WET3个计算地形、太阳辐射和土壤水参数的栅格程序和统计软件SPSS来分析影响景观格局的驱动因子,最后得出:在不考虑人为因子的条件下,由WET产生的土壤水(SOILWATER),稳定湿度(STEADYWET)对SHDI指标的空间分布影响最大。因此,土壤水分的空间分布对黄土高原丘陵区生态环境的研究非常重要。

Landscape pattern is an important measure of aesthetics and its environment. Understanding its changes spatially and temporally and their driving forces is of great intent for environmental change studies. In this study, land use/cover data in Xing long mountains area in 1995 and 2000 were analyzed to quantity the landscape changes and to identity the driving forces. Specifically, RS, GIS and FRAGSTATS software were used to compute the landscape pattern indexes for 1995 and 2000; SPSS software was used to the relation among the landscape indexes and TAPE-G, SRAD and WET methods were used to analyze the natural driving force of the spatial distribution of SHDI. The results showed that meadow and crop-land played a dominant role in the study area. The meadow and crop-land had an increasing trend, while forest and water-body decreasing from 1995 to 2000. More over, SHDI was increasing from 2. 1156 to 2. 1242, LPI was decreasing from 5. 145 to 5. 1038, AI was increasing from 95. 6533 to 95. 6639 and DIVISION was decreasing from 99. 385 to 99. 3717 between the two periods. Secondly, the correlation coefficient between the SHDI and SHAPE-MN was very low, while those of the other landscape indexes were high in the 0.01 level. Thirdly SOILWATER and STEADYWET, theoutputs form the WET program, evidently influenced the spatial distribution of the landscape index SHDI, when no human activity was considered.