钱塘江河口治理的成就与展望

REGULATION OF QIANTANG ESTUARY:ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS

阐述了４０年来钱塘江河口治理的成就，在涌潮河段束窄整治了６４ｋｍ游荡不定的河道。围垦了９０万亩的土地，为国家创造了巨大的财富。但南岸围垦，水流北逼，潮流掏蚀北岸鱼鳞石塘的塘脚，塘石松动，急待修理。鉴于钱塘江北岸的海塘具有保护太湖平原的重要的作用，综合治理北岸海塘至为迫切。对钱塘江北岸标准塘建设计划进行了评价，认为标准塘方案规划有据，目标明显，方案可行，经济合理。展望了钱塘江河口治理并对需要进一步研究的问题进行了探讨。特别是河流近口段与河口段的衔接问题，河口段与杭州湾的衔接问题，以及口内外泥沙交换问题，应该作为重要问题进行重点研究。

his paper concludes the historical achievements in the regulation of the Qiantang estuary over the past 40 years. During this period about 64km unstable channels in the estuarine reach, were tidalbore takes place, have been narrowed and regulated. At the same time about 600 sq.km of tidalflats were reclaimed which has created a great wealth for the country. Nevertheless, the land reclamation along the south bank has pushed the tidal currents to the north bank which erode the sediments under the ancient stone dyke and loose the dyke structures. There is a urgent need to repair or reconstruct the coastal dyke. Considering the important role of seawall along the north bank of the Qiantang estuary in protecting the coastal society in the lowlying Taihu plain, it is imperative to make a comprehensive and integrated regulation on the seawall. After an evaluation of the engineering plan for constructing the standard dyke, this paper proposes that the scheme is feasible, with a strong basis, a clear aim, and an economic rationality. This paper also makes a discussion on the future estuarine regulation, especially on the problems concerned with the transition from the nearestuarine reach to the estuarine reach, and from estuarine reach to the Hangzhou Bay. It is also proposed that the sediment exchange between the outside and the inside of the estuary should be taken as a key issue to be studied.