产后抑郁者的心理特征及社会支持情况分析

Analysis for Psychological Properties and Social Support Actualities of the People Suffered from Postpartum Depression

目的研究产后抑郁者的人格特征、社会支持情况及其与产后抑郁的关系。方法对237例产妇评定爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)以及自编一般情况调查表。结果产后抑郁组与正常组在人格特征各维度和社会支持评分上存在着显著差异;两组在产前焦虑、经济条件、夫妻关系、睡眠不足、负性生活事件等方面有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论内倾型、神经质女性易发生产后抑郁;产后抑郁的女性社会支持情况较正常女性差,其中以缺乏客观支持为主;产前焦虑等因子通过人格特征和社会支持情况来影响EPDS总分。

OBJECTIVE To investigate pertinence between personahty characteristics, social support and postpartum depression; METHODS 237 postpartum women were estimated by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale （EPDS）, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）, Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） and some other forms designed by ourselves. RESULTS The scores of SSRS and EPQ of depression women had obvious differences with those of normal women.Prepartum anxiety, lack of sleeping, relation of the couples, negative affairs and bad family economics of depression women had obvious differences with those of normal women （P〈0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The risk of postpartum depression was higher in endocentric and nervous women than in extrover and steady ones. Women in postpartum depression were worse in situation of social support than the normal women.Those factors had affect the scores of EPDS through the individual features and social support.