从语言观看中西文学之差异

A Linguistic Perspective on the Literary Difference between the East and the West

从直观表面来看,中西文学的差异首先表现在文学体裁的差异上。中国文学在"意境"说(重表现)的文学理论的影响下,自古抒情性文学体裁就十分发达;与之相反,西方文学在"典型"论(重再现)的文学理论的影响下,则是叙事性文学体裁较为发达。究其原因,这主要是中西方语言文化的差异直接造成的,它首先主要表现在双方的语言观(言意观)上。这就是说,导致中西文学巨大差异产生的主要原因乃是中西语言观(言意观)的不同,也即言意观的不同。

The literary difference between the East and the West is first shown in the literary genres. Under the influence of the artistic conception theory （stressing expression）, the Chinese writing styles conveying feelings have been well developed since the ancient time; Western literature, on the contrary, under the influence of the ＂type＂ theory （stressing reappearance）, its narrative prose have been well developed. Generally speaking, the difference is due to the difference between the Chinese and Western mode of thinking which was chiefly expressed in the view of language （language and meaning）,