长沙市中学生肥胖现况及对策研究

Practical Status Evaluation and Strategy Research on Obesity Among Secondary School Students in Changsha

目的了解长沙市中学生超重及肥胖现况,探讨影响中学生肥胖相关的因素,为卫生职能部门制定青少年卫生/学校卫生的工作规划提供参考。方法采用身高标准体重法评价超重及肥胖,通过问卷调查,对4021名11～19岁中学生进行病例对照研究,并采用多分类有序反应变量Logistic回归进行统计分析。结果长沙市中学生超重与肥胖率分别为3.8%(男生为4.5%,女生为3.0%)和14.1%(男生为16.3%,女生为11.7%);不同性质学校间超重与肥胖率存在差异;超重以及肥胖学生在饮食行为、运动行为等多方面均与正常体重学生之间存在明显差异。结论防治青少年肥胖应以改进饮食习惯及运动处方为基础,家庭、学校、社会应相互配合,营造良好的学习和生活环境,重视对学生行为的矫正。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of overweight, and obesity and risk factors among secondary school students, to put forward policy suggestions for health management department. Methods The weight-for- height chart was used to identify overweight and obesity. Through questionnaire,investigation, a case control study was carried out among 4,021 students aged 11 to 19, and ordinal logistic regression analysis was conducted to understand the risk factors for overweight and obesity. Results The rate of overweight students reached 3.8 % （male, 4.5 % ; female, 3.0 % ） and the rate of obese students reached up to 14.1% （male, 16.3 % ; female, 11. 7 % ） among students aged 11 to 19. The overweight and obesity rates were different between schools which had different characters. For overweight and obese students, there were different in dietary, exercise behavior and traffic mode as compared with the normal students. Conclusions Suggestions that to prevent and cure obese students should base on improvement of eating habit and exercise prescription. Family and school should cooperate to set up excellent circumstance of study and living, and rectify student behavior.