新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎发病状况研究

Study on Mobility of Neonatal Ventilator-associated Pneumonia

目的描述新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎发生的流行病学分布特征。方法资料来源于"新生儿发生呼吸机相关性肺炎危险因素研究"课题。结果在151例新生儿呼吸机插管通气治疗的患儿中,发生呼吸机相关性肺炎56例,发病率为37.1%。其中,男性的发病率为43.6%,女性为19.5%,发病率男性高于女性(χ2=7.0046,P<0.05),轻度窒息儿高于重度窒息儿(χ2=4.0322,P<0.05)。早产儿高于足月儿(χ2=6.3884,P<0.05);呼吸机相关性肺炎病例在肺炎、早产儿,低体重儿、窒息和肺透明病中的发病率分别为56.4%、46.6%、44.4%、42.7%和42.1%。结论新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎的发病率很高,对于进行呼吸机通气治疗的男性患者以及相关的原发疾病,应积极采取相应的措施以预防呼吸机相关性肺炎发生。

Objective The epidemiological distribution of neonatal ventilator - associated pneumonia （VAP） was described. Methods Data from the risk factors program of neonate ventilator - associated pneumonia were evaluated. Resuits In the 151 neonate with ventilator intubate for therapy, 56 neonate emerged ventilator- associated pneumonia, the incidence was 37.1%, among them, the incidence of males was 43.6 %, and females was 19.5 % , the difference was statistically significant （χ^2 = 7. 0046, P〈 0.05）. The incidence rate of mild asphyxia was much higher than that of serious asphyxia （χ^2= 4. 0322, P 〈 0.05）. The incidence was higher among the premature infants than that of the full term infants （χ^2 = 6. 3884, P〈 0.05）. The mobility rate of VAP in pneumonia, low birth weight infant, asphyxia and hyaline membrane disease was 56.4 %, 46.6 %, 44.4 %, 42.7 % and 42.1% respectively. Conclusions The incidence for VAP is high in neonates. It is necessary to adopt effective measures to prevent ventilator - associated pneumonia, particularly among the male neonates.