广州市青少年网络使用状况及相关健康危险行为分析

Analysis of the Situation of Internet Use and the Related Health-Risky Behaviors among the Youngsters in Guangzhou City

目的了解广州市青少年网络使用及网络成瘾的现况,分析网络成瘾与其它相关健康行为的关系。方法采用问卷调查的方式,分层多阶段随机抽样调查6类学校3 800名学生,利用国内专家制定的网络成瘾标准进行判断。结果共获得3 770份有效问卷。广州市青少年网络成瘾发生率为12.7%,中专学生最高(15.6%),重点初中学生最低(9.5%),男生(14.4%)高于女生(11.1%);各种上网目的中,聊天和多媒体娱乐等娱乐性目的占多数,分别为72.8%和71.6%,其次是查阅学习资料、浏览新闻和其它信息等实用性目的。在网瘾学生中娱乐性上网表现得更为突出;网络成瘾行为对青少年吸烟、饮酒、负性心理、自杀、使用毒品、赌博、观看色情出版物、性行为等健康危险行为具有明显的促进作用,ORMH均大于2,P<0.001。结论广州市青少年网瘾发生率与全国水平较为接近,娱乐性上网目的可能是促使青少年网络成瘾的重要原因,网瘾对一些青少年健康危险行为具有明显的促进作用,有必要对青少年的上网行为进行监管。

Objective To survey the intemet use and IAD（internet addiction disorder） in Guangzhou city and analyze the relationship between IAD and other health-risky behaviors. Method Questionnaires were used to investigate 3800 students in 16 schools. These students were chosen by layered multistage random sample from 6 kinds of schools. IAD was determined according to the standard of IAD established by specialists. Result Percentage of IAD was 12.7% in youngsters of Guangzhou city, with the highest percentage in technical secondary schools （ 15.6% ） and the lowest in key junior high schools （9.5%）. lAD in male （14.4%） was higher than in female （11.1%）. In all kinds of motive of using internet, recreational motive was chosen by most students. The motive of 72.8% students used internet was to chat and 71.6% students were for multimedia amusement. Practical motives were in the next place, for example to collect information and news. Among IAD student, recreational motive was obvious. IAD could promote some health-risky behaviors, for example smoking, drinking, unhealthy mentality, suicide, using drugs, gambling, looking on erotic publication, sexual behavior, and so on. All ORMH values were more than 2, P〈 0.001. Conclusion The percentage of youngsters with IAD in Guangzhou city was similar to other areas of the country. Recreational motive was an important reason of causing IAD. IAD can increase health-risk of the students and something must be done to supervise the behaviors of using internet among youngsters.