栽培措施对粮饲兼用玉米品种鲜草产量的影响

Effects of Cultivation Measures on Grass Yield of Grain and Forage Maize

采用3因素最优饱和设计,研究了氮肥、磷肥与种植密度3因素对不同收获时期粮饲兼用玉米鲜草产量的影响。结果表明,N、P与密度对饲用玉米鲜草产量的影响因收获期而异,但均以N的作用居于首位。灌浆至乳熟期收获,整株鲜草产量(秸秆+果穗)较高;收获期推迟,必须相应增大施肥量、减小密度,才能获得较高的鲜草产量。以密度、施氮量、施磷量3项栽培措施为决策变量,以鲜草产量为目标函数,建立了呼和浩特地区饲用玉米主要农艺栽培措施与产量关系的二次多项式回归模型,通过产量频数寻优,定量化地提出了粮饲兼用玉米实现高产的栽培措施优化组合方案,可为呼和浩特地区饲用玉米生产提供参考依据。

In this trial, effects of nitrogen fertilizer amount, phosphoric fertilizer amount and plant density to yield of different grain and forage maize in different harvest periods were studied, applying 3 factors optimum saturation designing. It showed that the effects of nitrogen fertilizer amount, phosphoric fertilizer amount and plant density to maize yield were different in different harvest periods, and the effect of N When harvest in filling and milking stages, grass and grain yield amount to yield was greater than other two factors. of maize were higher. In production practice, with postpone of harvest periods, it should provide much fertilizer and less density to gain much yield. The regression model on the relationship of cultivation measures and yield in Hohhot was established, as the objective function of grass yield, and the decision variables of N amount, P amount and density. Applying the regression model, through yield op- timizing, the assembly scenario on optimal cultivation measures and higher yield was given quantitatively, and the resuhs could regard as direction and reference in maize production practice in Hohhot.