零值劳动学说与我国农村人力资源开发

Zero-value labour theory and the development of rural human resources in China

我国农村人力资源基数大,增长速度快,但整体素质偏低,造成了农村人力资源乡城流动与就业困难,劳动力剩余严重,劳动效率低下。刘易斯的零值劳动学说以乐观的态度看待发展中国家农村剩余劳动力乡城流动,从而实现工农业齐头并进的前景,对研究我国农村人力资源的开发问题具有一定的借鉴和启发意义。但我国农村剩余劳动力就业的出路不单是乡城流动,而必须在充分开发农村人力资源的基础上,在农村人力资本积累和形成的过程中,实现农村剩余劳动力的多产业、多领域、多渠道转移。

The base of rural human resources in China is big. In addition, rural human resources increase fast, but its overall quality is low, which results in its difficulty in floating between town and country ,the severe surplus of labour power and low labour efficiency. Louise＇s zero - value labour theory treats optimistically the floating of rural surplus labour between town and country in developing countries so as to come to the prospect of industry and agriculture developing together, which provides some reference and enlightenment for the study of the develop- ment of rural human resources in China. However, the way out for the employment of rural surplus labour power lies not only in the floating between town and country. Based on fully developing rural human resources and in the course of the capital accumulation and formation of rural human resources, we should try to realize the shift of rural surplus labour power in various industries, various fields and various channels.