由木醋液制醋酸钙镁盐类环保型融雪剂研究

Preparation of environment friendly calcium-magnesium acetate deicers from pyroligneous liquid

利用生物质（麦秸杆、木屑等）气化、干馏过程中的废液——木醋液与白云石粉为原料,通过转化、脱色、蒸发结晶等过程,制备出白色低成本的醋酸钙镁盐（CMA）类环保型融雪剂.同时用分光光度法研究了用活性炭进行吸附脱色的工艺条件,其最佳脱色条件为温度30～35℃,时间40～60 min,实际生产中吸附剂活性炭用量为每mL木醋液转化液0.07～0.1g.经系统研究,提出了如下工艺路线：将废液转化为醋酸钙镁盐—滤液用活性炭脱色—浓缩或结晶.实验表明,由木醋液制CMA类环保型融雪剂的方法,不仅可为道路除冰雪提供一种低成本的生产路线并根除氯害,同时可为这类生物质废液的治理提供一个变废为宝的新途径,对生物质资源的有效利用有重要意义.

White low-cost environment friendly calcium-magnesium acetate （CMA） deicers were prepared from dolomite and pyroligneous liquid which was gasified and pyrolyzed from the biologic wastes as wheat stalk, wood scraps, etc. by means of conversion, decolorization, evaporation and crystallization. The adsorption and decolorization processes of pyroligneous liquid by active carbon were studied by means of spectrophotometric method. The optimal decolorization conditions were as follows, temperature is 30-35℃,time is 40-60 min. In practice, the quantity of active carbon was 0.07-0.1 g/mL （pyroligneous conversion liquid）. After systematic studies, the technological routes were put forward which were described as follows, conversion of biologic wastes into calcium-magnesium acetate - decolorization of mother liquor by active carbon - concentration or crystallization. The results show that CMA deicers made from pyroligneous liquid can provide a low-cost environment friendly deicer to remove snow from roads and eliminate the harm of chlorine. Meanwhile, it provides a new way of treatment of such biologic wastes and has great significance in the effective utilization of biologic resources.