社区群体水平健康教育与控烟效果评价

Population based Health Education and its Effect on Smoking Intervention

本研究对我国“八五”期间在三个城市社区约１５万人群中开展群体水平的健康教育及其控烟效果进行评价。研究方法采用设对照组，并在干预前后两次进行随机抽样调查，抽查样本５０００人以上。人群控烟的干预方式主要是定期发放宣传单。结果表明：干预社区３５岁以上人群吸烟率基线和终点复查时分别为２９．７％和２８．２％；对照社区两次调查分别为２９．６％和２７．９％。两组比较无显著性差异。干预组５５岁以上女性吸烟率普遍下降。男性７０岁以上下降明显，并有统计学显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。评价结论认为，社区群体水平健康教育对控烟效果并不理想，应继续寻找更为有效的综合干预方式。

In order to explore the effective methods in smoking control,a study of population based health education was evaluated at a community level.Over 5000 individuals sampled randomly from 300000 urban residents in Beijing,shanghai,and changsha were investigated in the baseline and the end point.The study was separated in the control and the intervention groups.We carried out a regular health education to make people quit smoking in the intervention communities.The results showed that the smoking rates were 29 7% in the intervention comunities and 29 6% in the controls in the baseline survey.After three years,the smoking rates were 28 2% in the intervention and 27 9% in the control one.There was no significant difference between the two groups.That mean was the population based health education at the community level was ineffective to reducing smoking rate,some other intervention measures should be testing.