中国高新技术产业研发资本存量和研发产出效率

The R&D Capital Stock and Output Efficiency of the Hi-tech Industry in China

本文运用中国高新技术产业的面板数据,在测算研发资本存量的基础上,构建了柯布-道格拉斯型研发生产函数,研究了研发生产的要素投入问题、研发生产的性质及其相关影响因素。研究发现:(1)在我国高新技术产业研发生产中,研发资本的贡献高于研发人员的贡献,研发生产过程表现出规模报酬递增的特征;(2)外资产权、企业规模对研发产出效率呈显著正效用;国有产权、以企业数为指标的市场结构以及绩效(利润和税收)对研发产出效率呈显著负效用;(3)我国国有及国有控股高新技术企业产权清晰度较高,对研发产出效率负面影响较小;法制不健全、政策不稳定等外部因素对我国高新技术产业研发产出效率负面影响较大。

This paper constructs the Cobb-Douglas R＆D production function by using the panel data of the Hi-tech industry in China based on the estimate of R＆D capital stock. This paper then investigates the input of the R＆D factors and the determinants of R＆D production. The results show：（i） for Hi-tech industry in China, the R＆D capital makes more contributions than the R＆D personnel do. （ii） Foreign ownership and firm size will promote R＆D output efficiency, while state ownership, market structure, and performance indicators （profit and tax） have negative effects on R＆D output efficiency. （iii） Since state ownership is much higher in hi-tech industry in China, it has less negative effects on R＆D output efficiency. Other factors such as imperfect legal system and unstable policy have significantly negative effects on R＆D output efficiency of hi-tech industry in China.