表面活性剂对纳米氧化锌粒径和形貌的影响研究

Influence of Surfactants on the size of nanoparticle ZnO

以尿素和硝酸锌为原料,采用均匀沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌（ZnO）,加入不同的表面活性剂以及同种表面活性剂不同剂量对纳米ZnO的粒径和形貌有不同的影响。实验结果表明：在液相法制备纳米ZnO时,复合型表面活性剂以及阴离子型表面活性剂的分散性能优于非离子表面活性剂。添加浓度为3.2×10^-3mol/L的表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠时,沉淀物的分散活性好,能够较好的控制ZnO的粒度;油酸钠和聚乙二醇1000复合型表面活性剂浓度分别为1.0×10^-4mol/L和1.6×10^-3mol/L时,分散效果最好,能制得粒径为10～50nm的纳米ZnO。

Different surfactants and their concentrations have different influence on the size of ZnO In the process of preparation of nano-ZnO by the homogeneous precipitation method.The experiments with the optimum conditions showed that： compound surfactants and anion surfactants were better than non-ion surfactant for nanoparticle ZnO preparation by liquid precipitation method.Precipitate of good decentralization and nanoparticle ZnO of narrow distribution were obtained by controlling the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 3.2×10^-3mol/L or sodium oleate 1.0×10^-4 mol/L and PEG-1000 1.6×10^-3mol/L.