二层刚架结构模型在力学教学实验中的应用

Application of two-layer rigid frame structure model in mechanics teaching experiment

为了深化基础力学实验教学的改革，该文应用力法求解超静定结构的应力分布，并与工程实际结合，设计开发了二层刚架工程结构模型试验装置，为本科生开设了“工程结构电测应力分析”实验。通过对刚架单根柱的实验测试和理论计算求得的应力分布，一方面使学生由单个受力构件的应力分布可推测二层刚架整体结构的应力分布概况，验证了该教学实验的综合性和创新性；另一方面通过实验偏差的分析，使学生认识到实际工程结构与理论模型之间的偏差是客观事实，从而确立实验在工程实际中是必不可少的思想意识。

To deepen the reform of basic mechanics experiment teaching, an experiment device of twolayer rigid frame structure model was designed with the force method for solution of statically indeterminate structure. A teaching experiment of engineering structure electrical measurement stress analysis was given to the undergraduates. By way of the stress distribution of a single pillar of rigid frame obtained by experiment test and theory calculation, the stress distribution of the two-layer rigid frame structure could be inferred by students. Moreover, the students could be enabled to understand the deviation between practical engineering structure and theoretical model by experiment deviation analysis.