明洪武朝河套周边地区实际驻军数辨析——兼论明初军数的采信与统计问题

The Discrimination and Analysis on the Actual Numbers of the Ming Army Around Hetao Area in Hongwu Period——On the Selection and Statistics of the Army Numbers in the Early Ming Dynasty

通行的对明代军数的估算方式存在一定的缺陷。本文试图通过对明洪武朝环绕河套的宁夏、陕北、东胜三地区驻军数的统计,获得在缺乏文献记载条件下的数字原貌。在这一分析计算的过程中,笔者对计量法的运用、史料批判、思维模式等方面提出自己的见解,强调在推测明军数字时,不能仅限于对数字本身的关注,更多是要注意到影响数字的各种复杂因素的重要意义。因此,在不同的情况下,完全应该发展出带有针对性的推导模式和计算程序。

The current accounting form of the army numbers in the Ming dynasty has some defects. Although absence of historical documents, the author tried to restore the numbers through counting the army numbers of Ningxia, Northern Shaanxi and Dongsheng around Hetao in Hongwu period of Ming dynasty. In the course of accounting and analyzing the numbers, the author proposed a new theory about using the metrology, criticizing the historical data and improving the mode of thinking. It is suggested that we would pay attention to the meaning of the complex elements on influencing this numbers than focusing on the figures when the Ming army numbers have been calculated. Therefore, it is better to advance the reduction mode and the account form on different situations.