匀浆膳联合酸奶在重型颅脑损伤患者中的临床应用

Clinical Application of Homogenate Diet and Yogurt in Patients with Severe Head Injury

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤患者应用匀浆膳联合酸奶行肠内营养治疗的临床效果。方法ICU重型颅脑损伤患者200例急症手术后随机分为两组:研究组给予匀浆膳联合酸奶治疗;对照组给予匀浆膳治疗。伤后48小时开始分别给予鼻饲额定热卡的两种肠内营养治疗,每日消耗不足部分辅以肠外营养补充。比较各营养指标、胃肠功能障碍指标、意识恢复程度及预后。结果研究组各营养指标均高于对照组,各种胃肠道并发症的发生均少于对照组,预后优于对照组。结论重型颅脑损伤患者给予匀浆膳联合酸奶行肠内营养治疗可有效地改善患者的营养状况,减少胃肠道并发症,提高生存率,有利于患者的康复。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of enteral nutrition support using homogenate diet and yogurt in patients with severe head injury. Methods Totally 200 patients with severe head injuries in our ICU were randomly divided into study group （enteral nutrition support with homogenate diet and yogurt） and control group （ enteral nutrition support with homogenate diet） after their operation. The nutrition status and metabolic levels were monitored within 48 hours. Parenteral nutrition was provided for patients who were insufficiency of nutritional depletion. Differences of nutrition status, gastrointestinal complications, recovery of consciousness, and prognosis were analyzed. Results The nutrition status was significantly improved in the study group compared with the control group. Also, the study group had less gastrointestinal complications and better prognosis. Conclusion The sustained enteral nutrition support with homogenate diet and yogurt effectively improves the nutritional condition, decreases the gastrointestinal complications, and increases survival rate in severe head injury patients.