高蛋白饮食与肥胖、糖尿病

Effects of High-protein Diet on Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus

随着人们生活水平的提高,高蛋白饮食已比较普遍。研究显示,高蛋白饮食可增进正常个体胰岛素分泌,导致骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗,刺激内源性葡萄糖的产生。高蛋白饮食能增加饱腹感、降低热量摄入,对肥胖者有减轻体重的作用;高蛋白饮食还可促进餐后胰岛素的分泌,改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制。但高蛋白饮食与2型糖尿病发生的关系尚不明确,其长期的有效性和安全性尚存在争议。

High-protein diet has become popular along with the improvement of people＇s life. Researches have shown that high-protein diet can enhance insulin secretion, induce insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, and stimulate endogenous glucose production. The intake of proteins at the expense of carbohydrates increases satiety, lowers intake of calories, and thereby reduces body weight in obese subjects. High-protein intake augments postprandial insulin secretion and thereby improves glucose control in type 2 diabetic patients. However, it is unclear whether the chronic high dietary protein intake may be associated with increased incidence of type 2 diabetes. Its long-term effectiveness and safety remains uncertain.